# CM-NAS: Cross-Modality Neural Architecture Search for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.08467 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.08467/

## Key facts

- Cited by 38 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 37 of its 64 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 21 Jan 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 37)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1502.03167/) (2015)
- [EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.11946/) (2019)
- [DARTS: Differentiable Architecture Search](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1806.09055/) (2018)
- [Instance Normalization: The Missing Ingredient for Fast Stylization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1607.08022/) (2016)
- [Learning Transferable Architectures for Scalable Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.07012/) (2017)
- [MnasNet: Platform-Aware Neural Architecture Search for Mobile](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.11626/) (2018)
- [Regularized Evolution for Image Classifier Architecture Search](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.01548/) (2018)
- [ProxylessNAS: Direct Neural Architecture Search on Target Task and Hardware](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.00332/) (2018)
- [Similarity-Preserving Knowledge Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.09682/) (2019)
- [FBNet: Hardware-Aware Efficient ConvNet Design via Differentiable Neural Architecture Search](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.03443/) (2018)
- [Beyond Part Models: Person Retrieval with Refined Part Pooling (and a Strong Convolutional Baseline)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.09349/) (2017)
- [Bag of Tricks and A Strong Baseline for Deep Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.07071/) (2019)
- [Contrastive Adaptation Network for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.00976/) (2019)
- [Adversarial Examples Improve Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.09665/) (2019)
- [Correlation Congruence for Knowledge Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.01802/) (2019)
- [Unlabeled Samples Generated by GAN Improve the Person Re-identification Baseline in vitro](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1701.07717/) (2017)
- [Designing Neural Network Architectures using Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.02167/) (2016)
- [Searching for A Robust Neural Architecture in Four GPU Hours](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.04465/) (2019)
- [Progressive Differentiable Architecture Search: Bridging the Depth Gap between Search and Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.12760/) (2019)
- [Joint Discriminative and Generative Learning for Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.07223/) (2019)
- [Person Re-identification: Past, Present and Future](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1610.02984/) (2016)
- [Style Normalization and Restitution for Generalizable Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.11037/) (2020)
- [Dynamic Dual-Attentive Aggregation Learning for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.09314/) (2020)
- [RGB-Infrared Cross-Modality Person Re-Identification via Joint Pixel and Feature Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.05839/) (2019)
- [AD-Cluster: Augmented Discriminative Clustering for Domain Adaptive Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.08787/) (2020)
- [Cross-modality Person re-identification with Shared-Specific Feature Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.12489/) (2020)
- [ChamNet: Towards Efficient Network Design through Platform-Aware Model Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.08934/) (2018)
- [Cross-Modality Paired-Images Generation for RGB-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.04114/) (2020)
- [Deep Spatial Feature Reconstruction for Partial Person Re-identification: Alignment-Free Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.00881/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 38)

- [Diverse Embedding Expansion Network and Low-Light Cross-Modality Benchmark for Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.14481/) (2023)
- [Learning Progressive Modality-shared Transformers for Effective Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.00226/) (2022)
- [Shape-Erased Feature Learning for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.04205/) (2023)
- [Implicit Discriminative Knowledge Learning for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.11708/) (2024)
- [CMTR: Cross-modality Transformer for Visible-infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08994/) (2021)
- [RLE: A Unified Perspective of Data Augmentation for Cross-Spectral Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.01225/) (2024)
- [A Versatile Framework for Multi-scene Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.11121/) (2024)
- [Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification Using Privileged Intermediate Information](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.09348/) (2022)
- [MRCN: A Novel Modality Restitution and Compensation Network for Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.14626/) (2023)
- [Video-based Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification with Auxiliary Samples](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.15571/) (2023)
- [Shape-centered Representation Learning for Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.17952/) (2023)
- [Bridging the Gap: Multi-Level Cross-Modality Joint Alignment for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.08316/) (2023)
- [Cross-modal Ship Re-Identification via Optical and SAR Imagery: A Novel Dataset and Method](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.22027/) (2025)
- [Adaptive Generation of Privileged Intermediate Information for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.03240/) (2023)
- [Enhancing Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification with Modality- and Instance-aware Visual Prompt Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.12316/) (2024)
- [Cross-Modality Earth Mover's Distance for Visible Thermal Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.01675/) (2022)
- [Specialized Re-Ranking: A Novel Retrieval-Verification Framework for Cloth Changing Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.03592/) (2022)
- [ProtoHPE: Prototype-guided High-frequency Patch Enhancement for Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.07552/) (2023)
- [Variational Distillation for Multi-View Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.09548/) (2022)
- [Beyond Domain Gap: Exploiting Subjectivity in Sketch-Based Person Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.08372/) (2023)
- [Frequency Domain Modality-invariant Feature Learning for Visible-infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.01839/) (2024)
- [Weakly Supervised Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification via Heterogeneous Expert Collaborative Consistency Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.12942/) (2025)
- [MOS: Mitigating Optical-SAR Modality Gap for Cross-Modal Ship Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.03404/) (2025)
- [YYDS: Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification with Coarse Descriptions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.04183/) (2024)
- [Bidirectional Multi-Step Domain Generalization for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.10782/) (2024)
- [Color Space Learning for Cross-Color Person Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.09487/) (2024)
- [Prototype-Driven Multi-Feature Generation for Visible-Infrared Person Re-identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.05642/) (2024)
- [Adaptive Illumination-Invariant Synergistic Feature Integration in a Stratified Granular Framework for Visible-Infrared Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.21163/) (2025)
- [OmniPerson: Unified Identity-Preserving Pedestrian Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.02554/) (2025)
- [Beyond Weight Adaptation: Feature-Space Domain Injection for Cross-Modal Ship Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.20892/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Visible-Infrared person re-identification (VI-ReID) aims to match cross-modality pedestrian images, breaking through the limitation of single-modality person ReID in dark environment. In order to mitigate the impact of large modality discrepancy, existing works manually design various two-stream architectures to separately learn modality-specific and modality-sharable representations. Such a manual design routine, however, highly depends on massive experiments and empirical practice, which is time consuming and labor intensive. In this paper, we systematically study the manually designed architectures, and identify that appropriately separating Batch Normalization (BN) layers is the key to bring a great boost towards cross-modality matching. Based on this observation, the essential objective is to find the optimal separation scheme for each BN layer. To this end, we propose a novel method, named Cross-Modality Neural Architecture Search (CM-NAS). It consists of a BN-oriented search space in which the standard optimization can be fulfilled subject to the cross-modality task. Equipped with the searched architecture, our method outperforms state-of-the-art counterparts in both two benchmarks, improving the Rank-1/mAP by 6.70%/6.13% on SYSU-MM01 and by 12.17%/11.23% on RegDB. Code is released at https://github.com/JDAI-CV/CM-NAS.