# News Image Steganography: A Novel Architecture Facilitates the Fake News Identification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.00606 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.00606/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 21 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 3 Jan 2021.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1511.06434/) (2015)
- [Spatial Transformer Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.02025/) (2015)
- [HiDDeN: Hiding Data With Deep Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.09937/) (2018)
- [Fake News Detection on Social Media: A Data Mining Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.01967/) (2017)
- [StegaStamp: Invisible Hyperlinks in Physical Photographs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.05343/) (2019)
- [Fighting Fake News: Image Splice Detection via Learned Self-Consistency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.04096/) (2018)
- [Fine-tune BERT for Extractive Summarization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.10318/) (2019)
- [CSI: A Hybrid Deep Model for Fake News Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06959/) (2017)
- [A Thorough Examination of the CNN/Daily Mail Reading Comprehension Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1606.02858/) (2016)

## Abstract (arXiv)

A larger portion of fake news quotes untampered images from other sources with ulterior motives rather than conducting image forgery. Such elaborate engraftments keep the inconsistency between images and text reports stealthy, thereby, palm off the spurious for the genuine. This paper proposes an architecture named News Image Steganography (NIS) to reveal the aforementioned inconsistency through image steganography based on GAN. Extractive summarization about a news image is generated based on its source texts, and a learned steganographic algorithm encodes and decodes the summarization of the image in a manner that approaches perceptual invisibility. Once an encoded image is quoted, its source summarization can be decoded and further presented as the ground truth to verify the quoting news. The pairwise encoder and decoder endow images of the capability to carry along their imperceptible summarization. Our NIS reveals the underlying inconsistency, thereby, according to our experiments and investigations, contributes to the identification accuracy of fake news that engrafts untampered images.