# Unsupervised deep learning for individualized brain functional network identification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.06494 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.06494/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 11 Dec 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [BrainStack: Neuro-MoE with Functionally Guided Expert Routing for EEG-Based Language Decoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.21148/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

A novel unsupervised deep learning method is developed to identify individual-specific large scale brain functional networks (FNs) from resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) in an end-to-end learning fashion. Our method leverages deep Encoder-Decoder networks and conventional brain decomposition models to identify individual-specific FNs in an unsupervised learning framework and facilitate fast inference for new individuals with one forward pass of the deep network. Particularly, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with an Encoder-Decoder architecture are adopted to identify individual-specific FNs from rsfMRI data by optimizing their data fitting and sparsity regularization terms that are commonly used in brain decomposition models. Moreover, a time-invariant representation learning module is designed to learn features invariant to temporal orders of time points of rsfMRI data. The proposed method has been validated based on a large rsfMRI dataset and experimental results have demonstrated that our method could obtain individual-specific FNs which are consistent with well-established FNs and are informative for predicting brain age, indicating that the individual-specific FNs identified truly captured the underlying variability of individualized functional neuroanatomy.