# Temporal Smoothing for 3D Human Pose Estimation and Localization for Occluded People

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.00250 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.00250/

## Key facts

- Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [SmoothNet: A Plug-and-Play Network for Refining Human Poses in Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.13715/) (2021)
- [PSVT: End-to-End Multi-person 3D Pose and Shape Estimation with Progressive Video Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09187/) (2023)
- [Explicit Occlusion Reasoning for Multi-person 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.00090/) (2022)
- [Divide and Fuse: Body Part Mesh Recovery from Partially Visible Human Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.09694/) (2024)
- [Biomechanics-Guided Residual Approach to Generalizable Human Motion Generation and Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06151/) (2025)
- [Joint angle based learning to refine kinematic human pose estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.11075/) (2025)
- [AI Pose Analysis and Kinematic Profiling of Range-of-Motion Variations in Resistance Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.20012/) (2025)
- [Vision-Language Models for Ergonomic Assessment of Manual Lifting Tasks: Estimating Horizontal and Vertical Hand Distances from RGB Video](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.20658/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In multi-person pose estimation actors can be heavily occluded, even become fully invisible behind another person. While temporal methods can still predict a reasonable estimation for a temporarily disappeared pose using past and future frames, they exhibit large errors nevertheless. We present an energy minimization approach to generate smooth, valid trajectories in time, bridging gaps in visibility. We show that it is better than other interpolation based approaches and achieves state of the art results. In addition, we present the synthetic MuCo-Temp dataset, a temporal extension of the MuCo-3DHP dataset. Our code is made publicly available.