# An Improved Event-Independent Network for Polyphonic Sound Event Localization and Detection

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13092 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.13092/

## Key facts

- Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 25 Oct 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 25 of 25)

- [A Survey of Sound Source Localization with Deep Learning Methods](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.03465/) (2021)
- [STARSS23: An Audio-Visual Dataset of Spatial Recordings of Real Scenes with Spatiotemporal Annotations of Sound Events](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.09126/) (2023)
- [Both Ears Wide Open: Towards Language-Driven Spatial Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.10676/) (2024)
- [Sound Event Detection and Localization with Distance Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.11827/) (2024)
- [SoundDet: Polyphonic Moving Sound Event Detection and Localization from Raw Waveform](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.06969/) (2021)
- [SELD-Mamba: Selective State-Space Model for Sound Event Localization and Detection with Source Distance Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.05057/) (2024)
- [Stereo Sound Event Localization and Detection with Onscreen/offscreen Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.12042/) (2025)
- [DCASE 2021 Task 3: Spectrotemporally-aligned Features for Polyphonic Sound Event Localization and Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15190/) (2021)
- [Position tracking of a varying number of sound sources with sliding permutation invariant training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.14536/) (2022)
- [Spatio-Temporal Audio Language Modeling for Dynamic Sound Sources](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.14141/) (2026)
- [Leveraging Visual Supervision for Array-based Active Speaker Detection and Localization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.14021/) (2023)
- [MFF-EINV2: Multi-scale Feature Fusion across Spectral-Spatial-Temporal Domains for Sound Event Localization and Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08771/) (2024)
- [Spatial and Semantic Embedding Integration for Stereo Sound Event Localization and Detection in Regular Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04845/) (2025)
- [Integrating Spatial and Semantic Embeddings for Stereo Sound Event Localization in Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.06598/) (2025)
- [FoleyDesigner: Immersive Stereo Foley Generation with Precise Spatio-Temporal Alignment for Film Clips](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.05731/) (2026)
- [SelectTSL: Prompt-Guided Selective Target Sound Localization in Complex Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.02343/) (2026)
- [What Makes Sound Event Localization and Detection Difficult? Insights from Error Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.10469/) (2021)
- [Past and Future Motion Guided Network for Audio Visual Event Localization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.03802/) (2022)
- [CoLoC: Conditioned Localizer and Classifier for Sound Event Localization and Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13932/) (2022)
- [Feature Aggregation in Joint Sound Classification and Localization Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19063/) (2023)
- [SoundLoc3D: Invisible 3D Sound Source Localization and Classification Using a Multimodal RGB-D Acoustic Camera](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.16861/) (2024)
- [Adaptive Control Attention Network for Underwater Acoustic Localization and Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.17409/) (2025)
- [SHAMaNS: Sound Localization with Hybrid Alpha-Stable Spatial Measure and Neural Steerer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.18954/) (2025)
- [DOA Estimation with Lightweight Network on LLM-Aided Simulated Acoustic Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.08012/) (2025)
- [ToS: A Team of Specialists ensemble framework for Stereo Sound Event Localization and Detection with distance estimation in Video](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.17611/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Polyphonic sound event localization and detection (SELD), which jointly performs sound event detection (SED) and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation, detects the type and occurrence time of sound events as well as their corresponding DoA angles simultaneously. We study the SELD task from a multi-task learning perspective. Two open problems are addressed in this paper. Firstly, to detect overlapping sound events of the same type but with different DoAs, we propose to use a trackwise output format and solve the accompanying track permutation problem with permutation-invariant training. Multi-head self-attention is further used to separate tracks. Secondly, a previous finding is that, by using hard parameter-sharing, SELD suffers from a performance loss compared with learning the subtasks separately. This is solved by a soft parameter-sharing scheme. We term the proposed method as Event Independent Network V2 (EINV2), which is an improved version of our previously-proposed method and an end-to-end network for SELD. We show that our proposed EINV2 for joint SED and DoA estimation outperforms previous methods by a large margin, and has comparable performance to state-of-the-art ensemble models.