# Robust Audio-Based Vehicle Counting in Low-to-Moderate Traffic Flow

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11716 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11716/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 22 Oct 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [IDMT-Traffic: An Open Benchmark Dataset for Acoustic Traffic Monitoring Research](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.13620/) (2021)
- [An approach to improving sound-based vehicle speed estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.05082/) (2022)
- [Mel-spectrogram features for acoustic vehicle detection and speed estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.04013/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The paper presents a method for audio-based vehicle counting (VC) in low-to-moderate traffic using one-channel sound. We formulate VC as a regression problem, i.e., we predict the distance between a vehicle and the microphone. Minima of the proposed distance function correspond to vehicles passing by the microphone. VC is carried out via local minima detection in the predicted distance. We propose to set the minima detection threshold at a point where the probabilities of false positives and false negatives coincide so they statistically cancel each other in total vehicle number. The method is trained and tested on a traffic-monitoring dataset comprising 422 short, 20-second one-channel sound files with a total of  1421  vehicles passing by the microphone. Relative VC error in a traffic location not used in the training is below  2 % within a wide range of detection threshold values. Experimental results show that the regression accuracy in noisy environments is improved by introducing a novel high-frequency power feature.