# A Graph Neural Network Approach for Scalable and Dynamic IP Similarity in Enterprise Networks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.04777 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.04777/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 9 Oct 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [RANK: AI-assisted End-to-End Architecture for Detecting Persistent Attacks in Enterprise Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.02573/) (2021)
- [Log2NS: Enhancing Deep Learning Based Analysis of Logs With Formal to Prevent Survivorship Bias](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.14149/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Measuring similarity between IP addresses is an important task in the daily operations of any enterprise network. Applications that depend on an IP similarity measure include measuring correlation between security alerts, building baselines for behavioral modelling, debugging network failures and tracking persistent attacks. However, IPs do not have a natural similarity measure by definition. Deep Learning architectures are a promising solution here since they are able to learn numerical representations for IPs directly from data, allowing various distance measures to be applied on the calculated representations. Current works have utilized Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques for learning IP embeddings. However, these approaches have no proper way to handle out-of-vocabulary (OOV) IPs not seen during training. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for IP embedding using an adapted graph neural network (GNN) architecture. This approach has the advantages of working on the raw data, scalability and, most importantly, induction, i.e. the ability to measure similarity between previously unseen IPs. Using data from an enterprise network, our approach is able to identify similarities between local DNS servers and root DNS servers even though some of these machines are never encountered during the training phase.