# Predicting User Engagement Status for Online Evaluation of Intelligent Assistants

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.00656 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.00656/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Oct 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [DEUS: A Data-driven Approach to Estimate User Satisfaction in Multi-turn Dialogues](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.01287/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Evaluation of intelligent assistants in large-scale and online settings remains an open challenge. User behavior-based online evaluation metrics have demonstrated great effectiveness for monitoring large-scale web search and recommender systems. Therefore, we consider predicting user engagement status as the very first and critical step to online evaluation for intelligent assistants. In this work, we first proposed a novel framework for classifying user engagement status into four categories -- fulfillment, continuation, reformulation and abandonment. We then demonstrated how to design simple but indicative metrics based on the framework to quantify user engagement levels. We also aim for automating user engagement prediction with machine learning methods. We compare various models and features for predicting engagement status using four real-world datasets. We conducted detailed analyses on features and failure cases to discuss the performance of current models as well as challenges.