# Trainable Structure Tensors for Autonomous Baggage Threat Detection Under Extreme Occlusion

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.13158 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.13158/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 28 Sep 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Unsupervised Anomaly Instance Segmentation for Baggage Threat Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.07333/) (2021)
- [Tensor Pooling Driven Instance Segmentation Framework for Baggage Threat Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.09603/) (2021)
- [An Incremental Learning Approach to Automatically Recognize Pulmonary Diseases from the Multi-vendor Chest Radiographs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.02574/) (2022)
- [Incremental Cross-Domain Adaptation for Robust Retinopathy Screening via Bayesian Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.09319/) (2021)
- [A Novel Incremental Learning Driven Instance Segmentation Framework to Recognize Highly Cluttered Instances of the Contraband Items](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.02560/) (2022)
- [Automated segmentation and extraction of posterior eye segment using OCT scans](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.10000/) (2021)
- [Temporal Fusion Based Mutli-scale Semantic Segmentation for Detecting Concealed Baggage Threats](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.02651/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Detecting baggage threats is one of the most difficult tasks, even for expert officers. Many researchers have developed computer-aided screening systems to recognize these threats from the baggage X-ray scans. However, all of these frameworks are limited in identifying the contraband items under extreme occlusion. This paper presents a novel instance segmentation framework that utilizes trainable structure tensors to highlight the contours of the occluded and cluttered contraband items (by scanning multiple predominant orientations), while simultaneously suppressing the irrelevant baggage content. The proposed framework has been extensively tested on four publicly available X-ray datasets where it outperforms the state-of-the-art frameworks in terms of mean average precision scores. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, it is the only framework that has been validated on combined grayscale and colored scans obtained from four different types of X-ray scanners.