# Dynamic Standalone Drone-Mounted Small Cells

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.02192 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.02192/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 4 Sep 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [On Addressing Heterogeneity in Federated Learning for Autonomous Vehicles Connected to a Drone Orchestrator](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.02712/) (2021)
- [Fairness Based Energy-Efficient 3D Path Planning of a Portable Access Point: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.05265/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper investigates the feasibility of Dynamic Horizontal Opportunistic Positioning (D-HOP) use in Drone Small Cells (DSCs), with a central analysis on the impact of antenna equipment efficiency onto the optimal DSC altitude that has been chosen in favor of maximizing coverage. We extend the common urban propagation model of an isotropic antenna to account for a directional antenna, making it dependent on the antenna's ability to fit the ideal propagation pattern. This leads us to define a closed-form expression for calculating the Rate improvement of D-HOP implementations that maintain constant coverage through antenna tilting. Assuming full knowledge of the uniformly distributed active users' locations, three D-HOP techniques were tested: in the center of the Smallest Bounding Circle (SBC); the point of Maximum Aggregated Rate (MAR); and the Center-Most Point (CMP) out of the two aforementioned. Through analytic study and simulation we infer that DSC D-HOP implementations are feasible when using electrically small and tiltable antennas. Nonetheless, it is possible to achieve average per user average rate increases of up to 20-35% in low user density scenarios, or 3-5% in user-dense scenarios, even when using efficient antennas in a DSC that has been designed for standalone coverage.