# A Micro-PMU Placement Scheme for Distribution Systems Considering Practical Constraints

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.00354 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.00354/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Aug 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [State and Topology Estimation for Unobservable Distribution Systems using Deep Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.07208/) (2021)
- [Time-Synchronized Full System State Estimation Considering Practical Implementation Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.01729/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents an innovative approach to micro-phasor measurement unit (micro-PMU) placement in unbalanced distribution networks. The methodology accounts for the presence of single-and-two-phase laterals and acknowledges the fact that observing one phase in a distribution circuit does not translate to observing the other phases. Other practical constraints such as presence of distributed loads, unknown regulator/ transformer tap ratios, zero-injection phases (ZIPs), modern smart meters, and multiple switch configurations are also incorporated. The proposed micro-PMU placement problem is solved using integer linear programming (ILP), guaranteeing optimality of results. The uniqueness of the developed algorithm is that it not only minimizes the micro-PMU installations, but also identifies the minimum number of phases that must be monitored by them.