# Cyber Security in the Age of COVID-19: A Timeline and Analysis of Cyber-Crime and Cyber-Attacks during the Pandemic

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11929 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11929/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 21 Jun 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [AI-based Malware and Ransomware Detection Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.02108/) (2022)
- [Graph Mining for Cybersecurity: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.00485/) (2023)
- [NetMoniAI: An Agentic AI Framework for Network Security & Monitoring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.10052/) (2025)
- [An AI Security Agent for University ACMIS: Multi-Vector Threat Detection and Automated Response](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.08270/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The COVID-19 pandemic was a remarkable unprecedented event which altered the lives of billions of citizens globally resulting in what became commonly referred to as the new-normal in terms of societal norms and the way we live and work. Aside from the extraordinary impact on society and business as a whole, the pandemic generated a set of unique cyber-crime related circumstances which also affected society and business. The increased anxiety caused by the pandemic heightened the likelihood of cyber-attacks succeeding corresponding with an increase in the number and range of cyber-attacks. This paper analyses the COVID-19 pandemic from a cyber-crime perspective and highlights the range of cyber-attacks experienced globally during the pandemic. Cyber-attacks are analysed and considered within the context of key global events to reveal the modus-operandi of cyber-attack campaigns. The analysis shows how following what appeared to be large gaps between the initial outbreak of the pandemic in China and the first COVID-19 related cyber-attack, attacks steadily became much more prevalent to the point that on some days, 3 or 4 unique cyber-attacks were being reported. The analysis proceeds to utilise the UK as a case study to demonstrate how cyber-criminals leveraged key events and governmental announcements to carefully craft and design cyber-crime campaigns.