# Dynamic Metasurface Antennas for 6G Extreme Massive MIMO Communications

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.07838 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.07838/

## Key facts

- Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 14 Jun 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 14 of 14)

- [MIMO Channel Estimation using Score-Based Generative Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.07122/) (2022)
- [Pervasive Machine Learning for Smart Radio Environments Enabled by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.03793/) (2022)
- [LoRD-Net: Unfolded Deep Detection Network with Low-Resolution Receivers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.02993/) (2021)
- [Deep Task-Based Analog-to-Digital Conversion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12634/) (2022)
- [Universal Approximation with XL MIMO Systems: OTA Classification via Trainable Analog Combining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.12758/) (2025)
- [Over-The-Air Extreme Learning Machines with XL Reception via Nonlinear Cascaded Metasurfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.17749/) (2026)
- [Channel Estimation and Hybrid Architectures for RIS-Assisted Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.07115/) (2021)
- [AI-Empowered Hybrid MIMO Beamforming](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.01723/) (2023)
- [Near Field Localization via AI-Aided Subspace Methods](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.00599/) (2025)
- [Autoregressive Attention Neural Networks for Non-Line-of-Sight User Tracking with Dynamic Metasurface Antennas](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19767/) (2023)
- [Rapid and Power-Aware Learned Optimization for Modular Receive Beamforming](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.00439/) (2024)
- [Transfer-based Adversarial Poisoning Attacks for Online (MIMO-)Deep Receviers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.02430/) (2024)
- [RIS-Enabled Smart Wireless Environments: Fundamentals and Distributed Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.18788/) (2025)
- [Over-The-Air Extreme Learning Machines with Nonlinear Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.27137/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Next generation wireless base stations and access points will transmit and receive using extremely massive numbers of antennas. A promising technology for realizing such massive arrays in a dynamically controllable and scalable manner with reduced cost and power consumption utilizes surfaces of radiating metamaterial elements, known as metasurfaces. To date, metasurfaces are mainly considered in the context of wireless communications as passive reflecting devices, aiding conventional transceivers in shaping the propagation environment. This article presents an alternative application of metasurfaces for wireless communications as active reconfigurable antennas with advanced analog signal processing capabilities for next generation transceivers. We review the main characteristics of metasurfaces used for radiation and reception, and analyze their main advantages as well as their effect on the ability to reliably communicate in wireless networks. As current studies unveil only a portion of the potential of metasurfaces, we detail a list of exciting research and implementation challenges which arise from the application of metasurface antennas for wireless transceivers.