# A Review of Surface Haptics:Enabling Tactile Effects on Touch Surfaces

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13864 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.13864/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 28 Apr 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Grounding Emotional Descriptions to Electrovibration Haptic Signals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.02118/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We review the current technology underlying surface haptics that converts passive touch surfaces to active ones (machine haptics), our perception of tactile stimuli displayed through active touch surfaces (human haptics), their potential applications (human-machine interaction), and finally the challenges ahead of us in making them available through commercial systems. This review primarily covers the tactile interactions of human fingers or hands with surface-haptics displays by focusing on the three most popular actuation methods: vibrotactile, electrostatic, and ultrasonic.