# PHINC: A Parallel Hinglish Social Media Code-Mixed Corpus for Machine Translation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09447 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.09447/

## Key facts

- Cited by 38 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 20 Apr 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 38)

- [The Decades Progress on Code-Switching Research in NLP: A Systematic Survey on Trends and Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.09660/) (2022)
- [HinGE: A Dataset for Generation and Evaluation of Code-Mixed Hinglish Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.03760/) (2021)
- [Challenges and Limitations with the Metrics Measuring the Complexity of Code-Mixed Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.10123/) (2021)
- [Exploring Text-to-Text Transformers for English to Hinglish Machine Translation with Synthetic Code-Mixing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.08807/) (2021)
- [Representativeness as a Forgotten Lesson for Multilingual and Code-switched Data Collection and Preparation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.20470/) (2023)
- [ArzEn-ST: A Three-way Speech Translation Corpus for Code-Switched Egyptian Arabic - English](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12000/) (2022)
- [MINERS: Multilingual Language Models as Semantic Retrievers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.07424/) (2024)
- [CodeMixBench: Evaluating Code-Mixing Capabilities of LLMs Across 18 Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.18791/) (2025)
- [CALCS 2021 Shared Task: Machine Translation for Code-Switched Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.09625/) (2022)
- [EntityCS: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Transfer with Entity-Centric Code Switching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.12540/) (2022)
- [MIPE: A Metric Independent Pipeline for Effective Code-Mixed NLG Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.11534/) (2021)
- [Quality Evaluation of the Low-Resource Synthetically Generated Code-Mixed Hinglish Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.01861/) (2021)
- [Exploring Segmentation Approaches for Neural Machine Translation of Code-Switched Egyptian Arabic-English Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.06990/) (2022)
- [Exploring Methods for Building Dialects-Mandarin Code-Mixing Corpora: A Case Study in Taiwanese Hokkien](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.08937/) (2023)
- [Code-Mixer Ya Nahi: Novel Approaches to Measuring Multilingual LLMs' Code-Mixing Capabilities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.11079/) (2024)
- [COMI-LINGUA: Expert Annotated Large-Scale Dataset for Multitask NLP in Hindi-English Code-Mixing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21670/) (2025)
- [LlamaLens: Specialized Multilingual LLM for Analyzing News and Social Media Content](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.15308/) (2024)
- [Synthetic Data Generation and Joint Learning for Robust Code-Mixed Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.16771/) (2024)
- [CHAI for LLMs: Improving Code-Mixed Translation in Large Language Models through Reinforcement Learning with AI Feedback](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.09073/) (2024)
- [Challenges and Considerations with Code-Mixed NLP for Multilingual Societies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07823/) (2021)
- [Code-mixed Sentiment and Hate-speech Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.12929/) (2024)
- [Parallel Corpora for Machine Translation in Low-resource Indic Languages: A Comprehensive Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.04797/) (2025)
- [Am I No Good? Towards Detecting Perceived Burdensomeness and Thwarted Belongingness from Suicide Notes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.06141/) (2022)
- [Language Agnostic Code-Mixing Data Augmentation by Predicting Linguistic Patterns](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.07628/) (2022)
- [A Comprehensive Understanding of Code-mixed Language Semantics using Hierarchical Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.12753/) (2022)
- [MUTANT: A Multi-sentential Code-mixed Hinglish Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.11766/) (2023)
- [CONFLATOR: Incorporating Switching Point based Rotatory Positional Encodings for Code-Mixed Language Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.05270/) (2023)
- [SIT at MixMT 2022: Fluent Translation Built on Giant Pre-trained Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11670/) (2022)
- [Gui at MixMT 2022 : English-Hinglish: An MT approach for translation of code mixed data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.12215/) (2022)
- [PingPong: A Natural Benchmark for Multi-Turn Code-Switching Dialogues](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.17277/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Code-mixing is the phenomenon of using more than one language in a sentence. It is a very frequently observed pattern of communication on social media platforms. Flexibility to use multiple languages in one text message might help to communicate efficiently with the target audience. But, it adds to the challenge of processing and understanding natural language to a much larger extent. This paper presents a parallel corpus of the 13,738 code-mixed English-Hindi sentences and their corresponding translation in English. The translations of sentences are done manually by the annotators. We are releasing the parallel corpus to facilitate future research opportunities in code-mixed machine translation. The annotated corpus is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3605597.