# An Annotated Corpus of Emerging Anglicisms in Spanish Newspaper Headlines

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02929 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.02929/

## Key facts

- Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 6 Apr 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 7 of 7)

- [Detecting Unassimilated Borrowings in Spanish: An Annotated Corpus and Approaches to Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.16169/) (2022)
- [Borrowing or Codeswitching? Annotating for Finer-Grained Distinctions in Language Mixing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.04973/) (2022)
- [Are Language Models Borrowing-Blind? A Multilingual Evaluation of Loanword Identification across 10 Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.26254/) (2025)
- [Observatorio Lazaro: A self-populating database of anglicism usage in the Spanish press](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.00713/) (2026)
- [Towards a Diagnostic and Predictive Evaluation Methodology for Sequence Labeling Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.12759/) (2026)
- [Do LLMs Know What Luxembourgish Borrows? Probing Lexical Neology in Low-Resource Multilingual Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.21227/) (2026)
- [pylazaro: a Python package for anglicism extraction in Spanish](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.29276/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The extraction of anglicisms (lexical borrowings from English) is relevant both for lexicographic purposes and for NLP downstream tasks. We introduce a corpus of European Spanish newspaper headlines annotated with anglicisms and a baseline model for anglicism extraction. In this paper we present: (1) a corpus of 21,570 newspaper headlines written in European Spanish annotated with emergent anglicisms and (2) a conditional random field baseline model with handcrafted features for anglicism extraction. We present the newspaper headlines corpus, describe the annotation tagset and guidelines and introduce a CRF model that can serve as baseline for the task of detecting anglicisms. The presented work is a first step towards the creation of an anglicism extractor for Spanish newswire.