# Dynamic Coronary Roadmapping via Catheter Tip Tracking in X-ray Fluoroscopy with Deep Learning Based Bayesian Filtering

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03801 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.03801/

## Key facts

- Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 11 Jan 2020.

## Built on by (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [Multi-Modality Cardiac Image Computing: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.12881/) (2022)
- [Deep reinforcement learning for guidewire navigation in coronary artery phantom](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.01840/) (2021)
- [ConTrack: Contextual Transformer for Device Tracking in X-ray](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.07541/) (2023)
- [Advancing Embodied Intelligence in Robotic-Assisted Endovascular Procedures: A Systematic Review of AI Solutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.15327/) (2025)
- [Self-Supervised Learning for Interventional Image Analytics: Towards Robust Device Trackers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.01156/) (2024)
- [Auxiliary Input in Training: Incorporating Catheter Features into Deep Learning Models for ECG-Free Dynamic Coronary Roadmapping](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.15947/) (2024)
- [A Novel Tracking Framework for Devices in X-ray Leveraging Supplementary Cue-Driven Self-Supervised Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.12958/) (2025)
- [A Unified Model for Highly Accurate ECG-Free Dynamic Coronary Roadmapping Using Spatio-Temporal Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.09805/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is typically performed with image guidance using X-ray angiograms in which coronary arteries are opacified with X-ray opaque contrast agents. Interventional cardiologists typically navigate instruments using non-contrast-enhanced fluoroscopic images, since higher use of contrast agents increases the risk of kidney failure. When using fluoroscopic images, the interventional cardiologist needs to rely on a mental anatomical reconstruction. This paper reports on the development of a novel dynamic coronary roadmapping approach for improving visual feedback and reducing contrast use during PCI. The approach compensates cardiac and respiratory induced vessel motion by ECG alignment and catheter tip tracking in X-ray fluoroscopy, respectively. In particular, for accurate and robust tracking of the catheter tip, we proposed a new deep learning based Bayesian filtering method that integrates the detection outcome of a convolutional neural network and the motion estimation between frames using a particle filtering framework. The proposed roadmapping and tracking approaches were validated on clinical X-ray images, achieving accurate performance on both catheter tip tracking and dynamic coronary roadmapping experiments. In addition, our approach runs in real-time on a computer with a single GPU and has the potential to be integrated into the clinical workflow of PCI procedures, providing cardiologists with visual guidance during interventions without the need of extra use of contrast agent.