# LiDAR Iris for Loop-Closure Detection

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.03825 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.03825/

## Key facts

- Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 9 Dec 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 39)

- [LCDNet: Deep Loop Closure Detection and Point Cloud Registration for LiDAR SLAM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.05056/) (2021)
- [RING++: Roto-translation Invariant Gram for Global Localization on a Sparse Scan Map](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.05984/) (2022)
- [EgoNN: Egocentric Neural Network for Point Cloud Based 6DoF Relocalization at the City Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.12486/) (2021)
- [SSC: Semantic Scan Context for Large-Scale Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.00382/) (2021)
- [General Place Recognition Survey: Towards Real-World Autonomy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.04812/) (2024)
- [SeqOT: A Spatial-Temporal Transformer Network for Place Recognition Using Sequential LiDAR Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.07951/) (2022)
- [CVTNet: A Cross-View Transformer Network for Place Recognition Using LiDAR Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.01665/) (2023)
- [Fast and Accurate Deep Loop Closing and Relocalization for Reliable LiDAR SLAM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.08086/) (2023)
- [BoW3D: Bag of Words for Real-Time Loop Closing in 3D LiDAR SLAM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.07473/) (2022)
- [HiTPR: Hierarchical Transformer for Place Recognition in Point Cloud](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.05481/) (2022)
- [BoxGraph: Semantic Place Recognition and Pose Estimation from 3D LiDAR](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.15154/) (2022)
- [Robust Place Recognition using an Imaging Lidar](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.02111/) (2021)
- [Radar-to-Lidar: Heterogeneous Place Recognition via Joint Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.04960/) (2021)
- [Loop closure detection using local 3D deep descriptors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.00440/) (2021)
- [Contour Context: Abstract Structural Distribution for 3D LiDAR Loop Detection and Metric Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.06149/) (2023)
- [RecNet: An Invertible Point Cloud Encoding through Range Image Embeddings for Multi-Robot Map Sharing and Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.02192/) (2024)
- [MinkUNeXt: Point Cloud-based Large-scale Place Recognition using 3D Sparse Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.07593/) (2024)
- [RING#: PR-by-PE Global Localization with Roto-translation Equivariant Gram Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.00206/) (2024)
- [FRAME: A Modular Framework for Autonomous Map Merging: Advancements in the Field](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.18006/) (2024)
- [A Unified BEV Model for Joint Learning of 3D Local Features and Overlap Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.14511/) (2023)
- [ERASOR++: Height Coding Plus Egocentric Ratio Based Dynamic Object Removal for Static Point Cloud Mapping](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.05019/) (2024)
- [Why semantics matters: A deep study on semantic particle-filtering localization in a LiDAR semantic pole-map](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.14038/) (2023)
- [OverlapMamba: Novel Shift State Space Model for LiDAR-based Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.07966/) (2024)
- [FMCW-LIO: A Doppler LiDAR-Inertial Odometry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.29374/) (2026)
- [DSC: Deep Scan Context Descriptor for Large-Scale Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.13838/) (2021)
- [DeepRING: Learning Roto-translation Invariant Representation for LiDAR based Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11029/) (2022)
- [BPT: Binary Point Cloud Transformer for Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.01166/) (2023)
- [A Coarse-to-Fine Place Recognition Approach using Attention-guided Descriptors and Overlap Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.06881/) (2023)
- [VNI-Net: Vector Neurons-based Rotation-Invariant Descriptor for LiDAR Place Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.12870/) (2023)
- [TSCM: A Teacher-Student Model for Vision Place Recognition Using Cross-Metric Knowledge Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.01587/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, a global descriptor for a LiDAR point cloud, called LiDAR Iris, is proposed for fast and accurate loop-closure detection. A binary signature image can be obtained for each point cloud after several LoG-Gabor filtering and thresholding operations on the LiDAR-Iris image representation. Given two point clouds, their similarities can be calculated as the Hamming distance of two corresponding binary signature images extracted from the two point clouds, respectively. Our LiDAR-Iris method can achieve a pose-invariant loop-closure detection at a descriptor level with the Fourier transform of the LiDAR-Iris representation if assuming a 3D (x,y,yaw) pose space, although our method can generally be applied to a 6D pose space by re-aligning point clouds with an additional IMU sensor. Experimental results on five road-scene sequences demonstrate its excellent performance in loop-closure detection.