# Incremental Text-to-Speech Synthesis with Prefix-to-Prefix Framework

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.02750 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.02750/

## Key facts

- Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 7 Nov 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 15 of 15)

- [A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15561/) (2021)
- [LLaMA-Omni: Seamless Speech Interaction with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.06666/) (2024)
- [A Non-autoregressive Generation Framework for End-to-End Simultaneous Speech-to-Speech Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.06937/) (2024)
- [Direct Simultaneous Speech-to-Speech Translation with Variational Monotonic Multihead Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08250/) (2021)
- [Speak While You Think: Streaming Speech Synthesis During Text Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11210/) (2023)
- [Alternate Endings: Improving Prosody for Incremental Neural TTS with Predicted Future Text Input](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09914/) (2021)
- [Review of end-to-end speech synthesis technology based on deep learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.09995/) (2021)
- [Overcoming Non-monotonicity in Transducer-based Streaming Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17170/) (2024)
- [From Start to Finish: Latency Reduction Strategies for Incremental Speech Synthesis in Simultaneous Speech-to-Speech Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08214/) (2021)
- [Low-Latency Incremental Text-to-Speech Synthesis with Distilled Context Prediction Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.10724/) (2021)
- [Discourse-Aware Dual-Track Streaming Response for Low-Latency Spoken Dialogue Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.23266/) (2026)
- [Efficient Incremental Text-to-Speech on GPUs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.13939/) (2022)
- [Modeling Real-Time Interactive Conversations as Timed Diarized Transcripts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.13203/) (2024)
- [Streaming T5-based Text-to-Speech Synthesis with Limited Lookahead](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.21882/) (2026)
- [X2-NativeCursor: Native-Token Text Progress Tracking for Incremental-Text Streaming Codec TTS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.09677/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) has witnessed rapid progress in recent years, where neural methods became capable of producing audios with high naturalness. However, these efforts still suffer from two types of latencies: (a) the em computational latency (synthesizing time), which grows linearly with the sentence length even with parallel approaches, and (b) the em input latency in scenarios where the input text is incrementally generated (such as in simultaneous translation, dialog generation, and assistive technologies). To reduce these latencies, we devise the first neural incremental TTS approach based on the recently proposed prefix-to-prefix framework. We synthesize speech in an online fashion, playing a segment of audio while generating the next, resulting in an O(1) rather than O(n) latency.