# Confidence Estimation for Black Box Automatic Speech Recognition Systems Using Lattice Recurrent Neural Networks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.11933 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.11933/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 25 Oct 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Explanations for Automatic Speech Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.14062/) (2023)
- [Cross-Modal ASR Post-Processing System for Error Correction and Utterance Rejection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03313/) (2022)
- [TeLeS: Temporal Lexeme Similarity Score to Estimate Confidence in End-to-End ASR](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.03251/) (2024)
- [Graph Convolutional Network for Swahili News Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.09325/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recently, there has been growth in providers of speech transcription services enabling others to leverage technology they would not normally be able to use. As a result, speech-enabled solutions have become commonplace. Their success critically relies on the quality, accuracy, and reliability of the underlying speech transcription systems. Those black box systems, however, offer limited means for quality control as only word sequences are typically available. This paper examines this limited resource scenario for confidence estimation, a measure commonly used to assess transcription reliability. In particular, it explores what other sources of word and sub-word level information available in the transcription process could be used to improve confidence scores. To encode all such information this paper extends lattice recurrent neural networks to handle sub-words. Experimental results using the IARPA OpenKWS 2016 evaluation system show that the use of additional information yields significant gains in confidence estimation accuracy. The implementation for this model can be found online.