# Cross-Lingual Dependency Parsing Using Code-Mixed TreeBank

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.02235 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.02235/

## Key facts

- Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 5 Sep 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [Consistency Regularization for Cross-Lingual Fine-Tuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.08226/) (2021)
- [HinGE: A Dataset for Generation and Evaluation of Code-Mixed Hinglish Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.03760/) (2021)
- [Translate & Fill: Improving Zero-Shot Multilingual Semantic Parsing with Synthetic Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.04319/) (2021)
- [Not All Linearizations Are Equally Data-Hungry in Sequence Labeling Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.07556/) (2021)
- [PPT: Parsimonious Parser Transfer for Unsupervised Cross-Lingual Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.11216/) (2021)
- [Constructing Code-mixed Universal Dependency Forest for Unbiased Cross-lingual Relation Extraction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.12258/) (2023)
- [Cross-lingual Emotion Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.06017/) (2021)
- [Substructure Distribution Projection for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Dependency Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08538/) (2021)
- [Cross-lingual Data Augmentation for Document-grounded Dialog Systems in Low Resource Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.14949/) (2023)
- [Building Dialogue Understanding Models for Low-resource Language Indonesian from Scratch](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.18430/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Treebank translation is a promising method for cross-lingual transfer of syntactic dependency knowledge. The basic idea is to map dependency arcs from a source treebank to its target translation according to word alignments. This method, however, can suffer from imperfect alignment between source and target words. To address this problem, we investigate syntactic transfer by code mixing, translating only confident words in a source treebank. Cross-lingual word embeddings are leveraged for transferring syntactic knowledge to the target from the resulting code-mixed treebank. Experiments on University Dependency Treebanks show that code-mixed treebanks are more effective than translated treebanks, giving highly competitive performances among cross-lingual parsing methods.