# Multilingual and Multi-Aspect Hate Speech Analysis

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.11049 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.11049/

## Key facts

- Cited by 133 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 29 Aug 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 133)

- [Language Generation Models Can Cause Harm: So What Can We Do About It? An Actionable Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07700/) (2022)
- [Just Say No: Analyzing the Stance of Neural Dialogue Generation in Offensive Contexts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.11830/) (2021)
- [Entropy-based Attention Regularization Frees Unintended Bias Mitigation from Lists](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.09192/) (2022)
- [Multilingual HateCheck: Functional Tests for Multilingual Hate Speech Detection Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.09917/) (2022)
- [CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.10946/) (2024)
- [ConvAbuse: Data, Analysis, and Benchmarks for Nuanced Abuse Detection in Conversational AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.09483/) (2021)
- [Exploring Cross-Cultural Differences in English Hate Speech Annotations: From Dataset Construction to Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.16705/) (2023)
- [Claim Matching Beyond English to Scale Global Fact-Checking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.00853/) (2021)
- [Large-Scale Hate Speech Detection with Cross-Domain Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.01111/) (2022)
- [Toxicity Detection with Generative Prompt-based Inference](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.12390/) (2022)
- [Detecting Harmful Content On Online Platforms: What Platforms Need Vs. Where Research Efforts Go](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00153/) (2021)
- [Whispering Experts: Neural Interventions for Toxicity Mitigation in Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12824/) (2024)
- [MemeCLIP: Leveraging CLIP Representations for Multimodal Meme Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.14703/) (2024)
- [Robust Hate Speech Detection in Social Media: A Cross-Dataset Empirical Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.01680/) (2023)
- [A systematic review of Hate Speech automatic detection using Natural Language Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.00742/) (2021)
- [From Languages to Geographies: Towards Evaluating Cultural Bias in Hate Speech Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.17874/) (2024)
- [Hate Personified: Investigating the role of LLMs in content moderation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.02657/) (2024)
- [How Hate Speech Varies by Target Identity: A Computational Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.10839/) (2022)
- [Listening to Affected Communities to Define Extreme Speech: Dataset and Experiments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.11764/) (2022)
- [Hate Speech and Offensive Language Detection in Bengali](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.03479/) (2022)
- [Hate Speech Criteria: A Modular Approach to Task-Specific Hate Speech Definitions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.15455/) (2022)
- [BanglaAbuseMeme: A Dataset for Bengali Abusive Meme Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.11748/) (2023)
- [HateBR: A Large Expert Annotated Corpus of Brazilian Instagram Comments for Offensive Language and Hate Speech Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14972/) (2021)
- [Emojis as Anchors to Detect Arabic Offensive Language and Hate Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.06723/) (2022)
- [KOLD: Korean Offensive Language Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11315/) (2022)
- [Characterizing the Entities in Harmful Memes: Who is the Hero, the Villain, the Victim?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.11219/) (2023)
- [MetaHate: A Dataset for Unifying Efforts on Hate Speech Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.06526/) (2024)
- ["Short is the Road that Leads from Fear to Hate": Fear Speech in Indian WhatsApp Groups](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.03870/) (2021)
- [K-MHaS: A Multi-label Hate Speech Detection Dataset in Korean Online News Comment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.10684/) (2022)
- [HERDPhobia: A Dataset for Hate Speech against Fulani in Nigeria](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.15262/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Current research on hate speech analysis is typically oriented towards monolingual and single classification tasks. In this paper, we present a new multilingual multi-aspect hate speech analysis dataset and use it to test the current state-of-the-art multilingual multitask learning approaches. We evaluate our dataset in various classification settings, then we discuss how to leverage our annotations in order to improve hate speech detection and classification in general.