# Analysis of "User-Specific Effect" and Impact of Operator Skills on Fingerprint PAD Systems

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.08068 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.08068/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 18 Jul 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [LivDet 2021 Fingerprint Liveness Detection Competition -- Into the unknown](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.10183/) (2021)
- [Review of the Fingerprint Liveness Detection (LivDet) competition series: from 2009 to 2021](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.07259/) (2022)
- [LivDet2023 -- Fingerprint Liveness Detection Competition: Advancing Generalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.15578/) (2023)
- [Improving fingerprint presentation attack detection by an approach integrated into the personal verification stage](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.11066/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Fingerprint Liveness detection, or presentation attacks detection (PAD), that is, the ability of detecting if a fingerprint submitted to an electronic capture device is authentic or made up of some artificial materials, boosted the attention of the scientific community and recently machine learning approaches based on deep networks opened novel scenarios. A significant step ahead was due thanks to the public availability of large sets of data; in particular, the ones released during the International Fingerprint Liveness Detection Competition (LivDet). Among others, the fifth edition carried on in 2017, challenged the participants in two more challenges which were not detailed in the official report. In this paper, we want to extend that report by focusing on them: the first one was aimed at exploring the case in which the PAD is integrated into a fingerprint verification systems, where templates of users are available too and the designer is not constrained to refer only to a generic users population for the PAD settings. The second one faces with the exploitation ability of attackers of the provided fakes, and how this ability impacts on the final performance. These two challenges together may set at which extent the fingerprint presentation attacks are an actual threat and how to exploit additional information to make the PAD more effective.