# AMI-Net+: A Novel Multi-Instance Neural Network for Medical Diagnosis from Incomplete and Imbalanced Data

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.01734 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.01734/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 3 Jul 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Accounting for Dependencies in Deep Learning Based Multiple Instance Learning for Whole Slide Imaging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.01556/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In medical real-world study (RWS), how to fully utilize the fragmentary and scarce information in model training to generate the solid diagnosis results is a challenging task. In this work, we introduce a novel multi-instance neural network, AMI-Net+, to train and predict from the incomplete and extremely imbalanced data. It is more effective than the state-of-art method, AMI-Net. First, we also implement embedding, multi-head attention and gated attention-based multi-instance pooling to capture the relations of symptoms themselves and with the given disease. Besides, we propose var-ious improvements to AMI-Net, that the cross-entropy loss is replaced by focal loss and we propose a novel self-adaptive multi-instance pooling method on instance-level to obtain the bag representation. We validate the performance of AMI-Net+ on two real-world datasets, from two different medical domains. Results show that our approach outperforms other base-line models by a considerable margin.