# Observing the Effect of Polarization Mode Dispersion on Nonlinear Interference Generation in Wide-Band Optical Links

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08182 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.08182/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 18 Jun 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Fast and accurate waveform modeling of long-haul multi-channel optical fiber transmission using a hybrid model-data driven scheme](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05502/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

With the extension of the spectral exploitation of optical fibers beyond the C-band, accurate modeling and simulation of nonlinear interference (NLI) generation is of the utmost performance. Models and numerical simulation tools rely on the widely used Manakov equation (ME): however, this approach when considering also the effect of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is formally valid only over a narrow optical bandwidth. In order to analyze the range of validity of the ME and its applicability to future wide-band systems, we present numerical simulations, showing the interplay between NLI generation and PMD over long dispersion-uncompensated optical links, using coherent polarization division multiplexing (PDM) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats. Using a Monte-Carlo analysis of different PMD realizations based on the coupled nonlinear Schr"odinger equations, we show that PMD has a negligible effect on NLI generation, independently from the total system bandwidth. Based on this, we give strong numerical evidence that the ME can be safely used to estimate NLI generation well beyond its bandwidth of validity that is limited to the PMD coherence bandwidth.