# Effect of shapes of activation functions on predictability in the echo state network

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.09419 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.09419/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 22 May 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Embedding Theory of Reservoir Computing and Reducing Reservoir Network Using Time Delays](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09042/) (2023)
- [Empirical Investigation into Configuring Echo State Networks for Representative Benchmark Problem Domains](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.10887/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We investigate prediction accuracy for time series of Echo state networks with respect to several kinds of activation functions. As a result, we found that some kinds of activation functions with an appropriate nonlinearity show high performance compared to the conventional sigmoid function.