# STC Antispoofing Systems for the ASVspoof2019 Challenge

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.05576 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.05576/

## Key facts

- Cited by 51 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 11 Apr 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 51)

- [ASVspoof 2021: accelerating progress in spoofed and deepfake speech detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.00537/) (2021)
- [Does Audio Deepfake Detection Generalize?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.16263/) (2022)
- [The Codecfake Dataset and Countermeasures for the Universally Detection of Deepfake Audio](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.04880/) (2024)
- [Continual Learning for Fake Audio Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.07286/) (2021)
- [Temporal-Channel Modeling in Multi-head Self-Attention for Synthetic Speech Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.17376/) (2024)
- [SONICS: Synthetic Or Not -- Identifying Counterfeit Songs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.14080/) (2024)
- [Channel-wise Gated Res2Net: Towards Robust Detection of Synthetic Speech Attacks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.08803/) (2021)
- [Improving the Adversarial Robustness for Speaker Verification by Self-Supervised Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.00273/) (2021)
- [Human Perception of Audio Deepfakes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.09667/) (2021)
- [An Initial Investigation for Detecting Vocoder Fingerprints of Fake Audio](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.09646/) (2022)
- [FSD: An Initial Chinese Dataset for Fake Song Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.02232/) (2023)
- [Deepfake audio detection by speaker verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14098/) (2022)
- [Where are we in audio deepfake detection? A systematic analysis over generative and detection models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.04324/) (2024)
- [Partially-Connected Differentiable Architecture Search for Deepfake and Spoofing Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.03123/) (2021)
- [Audio Deepfake Detection Based on a Combination of F0 Information and Real Plus Imaginary Spectrogram Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.01214/) (2022)
- [CLAD: Robust Audio Deepfake Detection Against Manipulation Attacks with Contrastive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.15854/) (2024)
- [AASIST3: KAN-Enhanced AASIST Speech Deepfake Detection using SSL Features and Additional Regularization for the ASVspoof 2024 Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.17352/) (2024)
- [Complex-valued neural networks for voice anti-spoofing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.11800/) (2023)
- [DSVAE: Interpretable Disentangled Representation for Synthetic Speech Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03323/) (2023)
- [Codecfake: An Initial Dataset for Detecting LLM-based Deepfake Audio](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08112/) (2024)
- [Improving Generalization for AI-Synthesized Voice Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.19279/) (2024)
- [Generalized Source Tracing: Detecting Novel Audio Deepfake Algorithm with Real Emphasis and Fake Dispersion Strategy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.03240/) (2024)
- [Speech-Forensics: Towards Comprehensive Synthetic Speech Dataset Establishment and Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.09032/) (2024)
- [KLASSify to Verify: Audio-Visual Deepfake Detection Using SSL-based Audio and Handcrafted Visual Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.07337/) (2025)
- [Towards Explicit Acoustic Evidence Perception in Audio LLMs for Speech Deepfake Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.23066/) (2026)
- [RW-Resnet: A Novel Speech Anti-Spoofing Model Using Raw Waveform](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.05684/) (2021)
- [Is Audio Spoof Detection Robust to Laundering Attacks?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.14712/) (2024)
- [Toward Robust Real-World Audio Deepfake Detection: Closing the Explainability Gap](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.07436/) (2024)
- [Generalizable speech deepfake detection via meta-learned LoRA](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.10838/) (2025)
- [Lightweight Model Attribution and Detection of Synthetic Speech via Audio Residual Fingerprints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.14013/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper describes the Speech Technology Center (STC) antispoofing systems submitted to the ASVspoof 2019 challenge. The ASVspoof2019 is the extended version of the previous challenges and includes 2 evaluation conditions: logical access use-case scenario with speech synthesis and voice conversion attack types and physical access use-case scenario with replay attacks. During the challenge we developed anti-spoofing solutions for both scenarios. The proposed systems are implemented using deep learning approach and are based on different types of acoustic features. We enhanced Light CNN architecture previously considered by the authors for replay attacks detection and which performed high spoofing detection quality during the ASVspoof2017 challenge. In particular here we investigate the efficiency of angular margin based softmax activation for training robust deep Light CNN classifier to solve the mentioned-above tasks. Submitted systems achieved EER of 1.86% in logical access scenario and 0.54% in physical access scenario on the evaluation part of the Challenge corpora. High performance obtained for the unknown types of spoofing attacks demonstrates the stability of the offered approach in both evaluation conditions.