# Natural Deduction Assistant (NaDeA)

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.00618 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.00618/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [On Exams with the Isabelle Proof Assistant](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.05866/) (2023)
- [Teaching Higher-Order Logic Using Isabelle](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.05458/) (2024)
- [Minimal Sequent Calculus for Teaching First-Order Logic: Lessons Learned](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.05988/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We present the Natural Deduction Assistant (NaDeA) and discuss its advantages and disadvantages as a tool for teaching logic. NaDeA is available online and is based on a formalization of natural deduction in the Isabelle proof assistant. We first provide concise formulations of the main formalization results. We then elaborate on the prerequisites for NaDeA, in particular we describe a formalization in Isabelle of "Hilbert's Axioms" that we use as a starting point in our bachelor course on mathematical logic. We discuss a recent evaluation of NaDeA and also give an overview of the exercises in NaDeA.