# An Argument-Marker Model for Syntax-Agnostic Proto-Role Labeling

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.01349 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.01349/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 4 Feb 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Multi-Task Learning for Joint Semantic Role and Proto-Role Labeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07270/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Semantic proto-role labeling (SPRL) is an alternative to semantic role labeling (SRL) that moves beyond a categorical definition of roles, following Dowty's feature-based view of proto-roles. This theory determines agenthood vs. patienthood based on a participant's instantiation of more or less typical agent vs. patient properties, such as, for example, volition in an event. To perform SPRL, we develop an ensemble of hierarchical models with self-attention and concurrently learned predicate-argument-markers. Our method is competitive with the state-of-the art, overall outperforming previous work in two formulations of the task (multi-label and multi-variate Likert scale prediction). In contrast to previous work, our results do not depend on gold argument heads derived from supplementary gold tree banks.