# Catalog of Energy Patterns for Mobile Applications

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.03302 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.03302/

## Key facts

- Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 10 Jan 2019.

## Built on by (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [Data-Centric Green AI: An Exploratory Empirical Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.02766/) (2022)
- [Uncovering Energy-Efficient Practices in Deep Learning Training: Preliminary Steps Towards Green AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.13972/) (2023)
- [Which Design Decisions in AI-enabled Mobile Applications Contribute to Greener AI?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.15284/) (2021)
- [Energy-Aware JPEG Image Compression: A Multi-Objective Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.04374/) (2022)
- [Can We Make Code Green? Understanding Trade-Offs in LLMs vs. Human Code Optimizations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.20126/) (2025)
- [On the Identification of the Energy related Issues from the App Reviews](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.11292/) (2023)
- [The Two Faces of AI in Green Mobile Computing: A Literature Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04436/) (2023)
- [How Do Agentic AI Systems Deal With Software Energy Concerns? A Pull Request-Based Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.24636/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Software engineers make use of design patterns for reasons that range from performance to code comprehensibility. Several design patterns capturing the body of knowledge of best practices have been proposed in the past, namely creational, structural and behavioral patterns. However, with the advent of mobile devices, it becomes a necessity a catalog of design patterns for energy efficiency. In this work, we inspect commits, issues and pull requests of 1027 Android and 756 iOS apps to identify common practices when improving energy efficiency. This analysis yielded a catalog, available online, with 22 design patterns related to improving the energy efficiency of mobile apps. We argue that this catalog might be of relevance to other domains such as Cyber-Physical Systems and Internet of Things. As a side contribution, an analysis of the differences between Android and iOS devices shows that the Android community is more energy-aware.