# Image Manipulation Specifications on Social Networking Services for Encryption-then-Compression Systems

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.02062 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.02062/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 4 Oct 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [An Overview of Compressible and Learnable Image Transformation with Secret Key and Its Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.11006/) (2022)
- [Fake-image detection with Robust Hashing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.01313/) (2021)
- [A Detection Method of Temporally Operated Videos Using Robust Hashing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.05198/) (2022)
- [Unlearnable Faces: Privacy Protection Surviving Extraction Pipeline](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.05996/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been proposed to securely transmit images through an untrusted channel provider. In this study, EtC systems were applied to social media like Twitter that carry out image manipulations. The block scrambling-based encryption schemes used in EtC systems were evaluated in terms of their robustness against image manipulation on social media. The aim was to investigate how five social networking service (SNS) providers, Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Tumblr and Flickr, manipulate images and to determine whether the encrypted images uploaded to SNS providers can avoid being distorted by such manipulations. In an experiment, encrypted and non-encrypted JPEG images were uploaded to various SNS providers. The results show that EtC systems are applicable to the five SNS providers.