# Two-stage multi-objective OPF for AC/DC grids with VSC-HVDC: Incorporating decisions analysis into optimization process

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.05708 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.05708/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 17 Aug 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [The State of the Art in transformer fault diagnosis with artificial intelligence and Dissolved Gas Analysis: A Review of the Literature](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.11880/) (2023)
- [Research on short-term load forecasting model based on VMD and IPSO-ELM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.05300/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

A two-stage solution approach for solving the problem of multi-objective optimal power flow (MOPF) is proposed for hybrid AC/DC grids with VSC-HVDC. First, a MOPF model for hybrid AC/DC grids is built to coordinate the economy, voltage deviation and environmental benefits. Then, a two-stage solution approach, incorporating decision analysis into optimization process, is presented to solve the model. The first stage of the approach is consisted of a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm with a hybrid coding scheme employed to find multiple Pareto-optimal solutions. The second stage will have the obtained solutions clustered into different groups using fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering, and then the 'best' compromise solutions are obtained by calculating the priority memberships of the solutions belonging to the same groups via grey relation projection (GRP) method. The novelty of this approach lies primarily in incorporating the FCM-GRP based decisions analysis technique into MOPF studies, thereby assisting decision makers to automatically identify the 'best' operation points. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified based on the test results of the IEEE 14- and 300- bus systems.