# Implicit Bias of Gradient Descent on Linear Convolutional Networks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.00468 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1806.00468/

## Key facts

- Cited by 251 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 251)

- [The Platonic Representation Hypothesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.07987/) (2024)
- [A Geometric Analysis of Neural Collapse with Unconstrained Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.02375/) (2021)
- [The Low-Rank Simplicity Bias in Deep Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.10427/) (2021)
- [Reconstructing Training Data from Trained Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.07758/) (2022)
- [Vision Transformers provably learn spatial structure](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.09221/) (2022)
- [Understanding the Generalization Benefit of Normalization Layers: Sharpness Reduction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.07085/) (2022)
- [On the Implicit Bias in Deep-Learning Algorithms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.12591/) (2022)
- [Saddle-to-Saddle Dynamics in Deep Linear Networks: Small Initialization Training, Symmetry, and Sparsity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15933/) (2021)
- [Same Pre-training Loss, Better Downstream: Implicit Bias Matters for Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.14199/) (2022)
- [Gradient Descent on Two-layer Nets: Margin Maximization and Simplicity Bias](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.13905/) (2021)
- [Dichotomy of Early and Late Phase Implicit Biases Can Provably Induce Grokking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.18817/) (2023)
- [Small random initialization is akin to spectral learning: Optimization and generalization guarantees for overparameterized low-rank matrix reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.15013/) (2021)
- [SimBa: Simplicity Bias for Scaling Up Parameters in Deep Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.09754/) (2024)
- [Label-Imbalanced and Group-Sensitive Classification under Overparameterization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.01550/) (2021)
- [Generalization on the Unseen, Logic Reasoning and Degree Curriculum](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.13105/) (2023)
- [On the Implicit Bias of Initialization Shape: Beyond Infinitesimal Mirror Descent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09769/) (2021)
- [Agree to Disagree: Diversity through Disagreement for Better Transferability](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.04414/) (2022)
- [Neural Networks Efficiently Learn Low-Dimensional Representations with SGD](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14863/) (2022)
- [Initialization and Regularization of Factorized Neural Layers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.01029/) (2021)
- [Diversify and Disambiguate: Learning From Underspecified Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.03418/) (2022)
- [Implicit Regularization Towards Rank Minimization in ReLU Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12760/) (2022)
- [Mechanistic Mode Connectivity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.08422/) (2022)
- [Neural networks trained with SGD learn distributions of increasing complexity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.11567/) (2022)
- [Implicit Regularization in Tensor Factorization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09972/) (2021)
- [Solving Regularized Exp, Cosh and Sinh Regression Problems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.15725/) (2023)
- [Implicit Bias of Gradient Descent for Logistic Regression at the Edge of Stability](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.11788/) (2023)
- [Get rich quick: exact solutions reveal how unbalanced initializations promote rapid feature learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.06158/) (2024)
- [Understanding the role of importance weighting for deep learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15209/) (2021)
- [Implicit Bias of Gradient Descent on Reparametrized Models: On Equivalence to Mirror Descent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.04036/) (2022)
- [SGD Generalizes Better Than GD (And Regularization Doesn't Help)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.01117/) (2021)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We show that gradient descent on full-width linear convolutional networks of depth L converges to a linear predictor related to the ℓ2/L bridge penalty in the frequency domain. This is in contrast to linearly fully connected networks, where gradient descent converges to the hard margin linear support vector machine solution, regardless of depth.
