# Identifying Ketamine Responses in Treatment-Resistant Depression Using a Wearable Forehead EEG

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.11446 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.11446/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 29 May 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Fusion techniques of time frequency-based images to predict the outcome of rTMS depression therapy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.00380/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This study explores the responses to ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) using a wearable forehead electroencephalography (EEG) device. We recruited fifty-five outpatients with TRD who were randomised into three approximately equal-sized groups (A: 0.5 mg/kg ketamine; B: 0.2 mg/kg ketamine; and C: normal saline) under double-blind conditions. The ketamine responses were measured by EEG signals and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores. At baseline, responders showed a significantly weaker EEG theta power than did non- responders (p < 0.05). Responders exhibited a higher EEG alpha power but lower EEG alpha asymmetry and theta cordance at post-treatment than at baseline (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our baseline EEG predictor classified responders and non-responders with 81.3 +- 9.5% accuracy, 82.1 +- 8.6% sensitivity and 91.9 +- 7.4% specificity. In conclusion, the rapid antidepressant effects of mixed doses of ketamine are associated with prefrontal EEG power, asymmetry and cordance at baseline and early post-treatment changes. The prefrontal EEG patterns at baseline may account for recognising ketamine effects in advance. Our randomised, double- blind, placebo-controlled study provides information regarding clinical impacts on the potential targets underlying baseline identification and early changes from the effects of ketamine in patients with TRD.