# Construction of the Literature Graph in Semantic Scholar

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.02262 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.02262/

## Key facts

- Cited by 118 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 6 May 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 118)

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- [SciArena: An Open Evaluation Platform for Non-Verifiable Scientific Literature-Grounded Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.01001/) (2025)
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## Abstract (arXiv)

We describe a deployed scalable system for organizing published scientific literature into a heterogeneous graph to facilitate algorithmic manipulation and discovery. The resulting literature graph consists of more than 280M nodes, representing papers, authors, entities and various interactions between them (e.g., authorships, citations, entity mentions). We reduce literature graph construction into familiar NLP tasks (e.g., entity extraction and linking), point out research challenges due to differences from standard formulations of these tasks, and report empirical results for each task. The methods described in this paper are used to enable semantic features in www.semanticscholar.org