# E2E-MLT - an Unconstrained End-to-End Method for Multi-Language Scene Text

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.09919 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.09919/

## Key facts

- Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 30 Jan 2018.

## Built on by (most cited first, 21 of 21)

- [DocILE Benchmark for Document Information Localization and Extraction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05658/) (2023)
- [GLASS: Global to Local Attention for Scene-Text Spotting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.03364/) (2022)
- [A Multiplexed Network for End-to-End, Multilingual OCR](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15992/) (2021)
- [Layout Agnostic Scene Text Image Synthesis with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.01062/) (2024)
- [Knowledge Mining with Scene Text for Fine-Grained Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.14215/) (2022)
- [MRN: Multiplexed Routing Network for Incremental Multilingual Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.14758/) (2023)
- [DeepSolo++: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Multilingual Text Spotting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.19957/) (2023)
- [Transfer Learning for Scene Text Recognition in Indian Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03180/) (2022)
- [FEDS -- Filtered Edit Distance Surrogate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.04635/) (2021)
- [OmniPrint: A Configurable Printed Character Synthesizer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.06648/) (2022)
- [Task Grouping for Multilingual Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07423/) (2022)
- [Improving Scene Text Recognition for Character-Level Long-Tailed Distribution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08592/) (2023)
- [Cross-Lingual Learning in Multilingual Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.10806/) (2023)
- [Decoder Pre-Training with only Text for Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.05706/) (2024)
- [Towards Boosting the Accuracy of Non-Latin Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03185/) (2022)
- [IndicSTR12: A Dataset for Indic Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.08007/) (2024)
- [All-in-One Multilingual Scene Text Recognition with Script-aware Mixture-of-Experts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.24058/) (2026)
- [On-Device Spatial Attention based Sequence Learning Approach for Scene Text Script Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.00448/) (2021)
- [Augmented Transformers with Adaptive n-grams Embedding for Multilingual Scene Text Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.14261/) (2023)
- [MENTOR: Multilingual tExt detectioN TOward leaRning by analogy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.07286/) (2024)
- [Fine-Grained Scene Image Classification with Modality-Agnostic Adapter](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.02769/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

An end-to-end trainable (fully differentiable) method for multi-language scene text localization and recognition is proposed. The approach is based on a single fully convolutional network (FCN) with shared layers for both tasks. E2E-MLT is the first published multi-language OCR for scene text. While trained in multi-language setup, E2E-MLT demonstrates competitive performance when compared to other methods trained for English scene text alone. The experiments show that obtaining accurate multi-language multi-script annotations is a challenging problem.