# On the State of the Art of Evaluation in Neural Language Models

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.05589 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.05589/

## Key facts

- Cited by 104 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 18 Jul 2017.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 104)

- [Diffusion Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.00796/) (2022)
- [Deep Reinforcement Learning at the Edge of the Statistical Precipice](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.13264/) (2021)
- [ChemCrow: Augmenting large-language models with chemistry tools](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.05376/) (2023)
- [ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.13626/) (2021)
- [Large Language Models Empowered Agent-based Modeling and Simulation: A Survey and Perspectives](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.11970/) (2023)
- [Autoregressive Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.02037/) (2021)
- [Accounting for Variance in Machine Learning Benchmarks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.03098/) (2021)
- [Well-tuned Simple Nets Excel on Tabular Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.11189/) (2021)
- [Hyperparameter Selection for Offline Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.09055/) (2020)
- [HPOBench: A Collection of Reproducible Multi-Fidelity Benchmark Problems for HPO](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.06716/) (2021)
- [Lessons on Parameter Sharing across Layers in Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.06022/) (2021)
- [Uncertainty Baselines: Benchmarks for Uncertainty & Robustness in Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.04015/) (2021)
- [Large Language Model Agent for Hyper-Parameter Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.01881/) (2024)
- [Elo Uncovered: Robustness and Best Practices in Language Model Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17295/) (2023)
- [On the Importance of Hyperparameter Optimization for Model-based Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.13651/) (2021)
- [Randomness In Neural Network Training: Characterizing The Impact of Tooling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.11872/) (2021)
- [A Systematic Investigation of Commonsense Knowledge in Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.00607/) (2021)
- [A Comprehensive Study on Quantization Techniques for Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.02530/) (2024)
- [Sources of Irreproducibility in Machine Learning: A Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.07610/) (2022)
- [PriorBand: Practical Hyperparameter Optimization in the Age of Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.12370/) (2023)
- [Unleashing the Power of Data Tsunami: A Comprehensive Survey on Data Assessment and Selection for Instruction Tuning of Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.02085/) (2024)
- [GNN-LM: Language Modeling based on Global Contexts via GNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08743/) (2021)
- [Selfish Sparse RNN Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.09048/) (2021)
- [Efficient recurrent architectures through activity sparsity and sparse back-propagation through time](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.06178/) (2022)
- [Automatic Termination for Hyperparameter Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08166/) (2021)
- [PyGlove: Symbolic Programming for Automated Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.08809/) (2021)
- [Position: Why We Must Rethink Empirical Research in Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.02200/) (2024)
- [Measuring Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.05129/) (2022)
- [Decoding ChatGPT: A Taxonomy of Existing Research, Current Challenges, and Possible Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.14107/) (2023)
- [The worst of both worlds: A comparative analysis of errors in learning from data in psychology and machine learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.06498/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Ongoing innovations in recurrent neural network architectures have provided a steady influx of apparently state-of-the-art results on language modelling benchmarks. However, these have been evaluated using differing code bases and limited computational resources, which represent uncontrolled sources of experimental variation. We reevaluate several popular architectures and regularisation methods with large-scale automatic black-box hyperparameter tuning and arrive at the somewhat surprising conclusion that standard LSTM architectures, when properly regularised, outperform more recent models. We establish a new state of the art on the Penn Treebank and Wikitext-2 corpora, as well as strong baselines on the Hutter Prize dataset.
