# SigNet: Convolutional Siamese Network for Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.02131 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.02131/

## Key facts

- Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 7 Jul 2017.

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 31)

- [A White-Box False Positive Adversarial Attack Method on Contrastive Loss Based Offline Handwritten Signature Verification Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.08925/) (2023)
- [A Perspective Analysis of Handwritten Signature Technology](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.13555/) (2024)
- [SURDS: Self-Supervised Attention-guided Reconstruction and Dual Triplet Loss for Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.10138/) (2022)
- [SWIS: Self-Supervised Representation Learning For Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.13078/) (2022)
- [Evaluating Synthetic Pre-Training for Handwriting Processing Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.01842/) (2023)
- [Self-learn to Explain Siamese Networks Robustly](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.07371/) (2021)
- [Fully convolutional Siamese neural networks for buildings damage assessment from satellite images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.00508/) (2021)
- [Facial Misrecognition Systems: Simple Weight Manipulations Force DNNs to Err Only on Specific Persons](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.03118/) (2023)
- [Hybrid Feature Learning for Handwriting Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.02621/) (2018)
- [Siamese based Neural Network for Offline Writer Identification on word level data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.14443/) (2022)
- [CovidExpert: A Triplet Siamese Neural Network framework for the detection of COVID-19](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.09004/) (2023)
- [Multiscale Feature Learning Using Co-Tuplet Loss for Offline Handwritten Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.00428/) (2023)
- [Fully-Automatic Pipeline for Document Signature Analysis to Detect Money Laundering Activities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.14091/) (2021)
- [Signature Verification using Geometrical Features and Artificial Neural Network Classifier](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.02029/) (2021)
- [Writer Recognition Using Off-line Handwritten Single Block Characters](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.10665/) (2022)
- [DSNet: Disentangled Siamese Network with Neutral Calibration for Speech Emotion Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.15593/) (2023)
- [Biometrics in the Time of Pandemic: 40% Masked Face Recognition Degradation can be Reduced to 2%](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.00461/) (2022)
- [Revealing Reliable Signatures by Learning Top-Rank Pairs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.09927/) (2022)
- [Identity Documents Authentication based on Forgery Detection of Guilloche Pattern](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.10989/) (2022)
- [MTCSNN: Multi-task Clinical Siamese Neural Network for Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.06917/) (2022)
- [Leveraging Expert Models for Training Deep Neural Networks in Scarce Data Domains: Application to Offline Handwritten Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.01136/) (2023)
- [Deep Generative Attacks and Countermeasures for Data-Driven Offline Signature Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00987/) (2023)
- [Cross-codex Learning for Reliable Scribe Identification in Medieval Manuscripts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04296/) (2023)
- [Explainable offline automatic signature verifier to support forensic handwriting examiners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.12695/) (2024)
- [Enhancing GANs with Contrastive Learning-Based Multistage Progressive Finetuning SNN and RL-Based External Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.20340/) (2024)
- [Block Induced Signature Generative Adversarial Network (BISGAN): Signature Spoofing Using GANs and Their Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.06041/) (2024)
- [Pairwise Spatiotemporal Partial Trajectory Matching for Co-movement Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.02879/) (2024)
- [Transparency Techniques for Neural Networks trained on Writer Identification and Writer Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.16331/) (2025)
- [A comprehensive Persian offline handwritten database for investigating the effects of heritability and family relationships on handwriting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.03510/) (2025)
- [Beyond Decision Boundaries: Relational Geometry Attacks on Contrastive Embedding Manifolds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.10237/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Offline signature verification is one of the most challenging tasks in biometrics and document forensics. Unlike other verification problems, it needs to model minute but critical details between genuine and forged signatures, because a skilled falsification might often resembles the real signature with small deformation. This verification task is even harder in writer independent scenarios which is undeniably fiscal for realistic cases. In this paper, we model an offline writer independent signature verification task with a convolutional Siamese network. Siamese networks are twin networks with shared weights, which can be trained to learn a feature space where similar observations are placed in proximity. This is achieved by exposing the network to a pair of similar and dissimilar observations and minimizing the Euclidean distance between similar pairs while simultaneously maximizing it between dissimilar pairs. Experiments conducted on cross-domain datasets emphasize the capability of our network to model forgery in different languages (scripts) and handwriting styles. Moreover, our designed Siamese network, named SigNet, exceeds the state-of-the-art results on most of the benchmark signature datasets, which paves the way for further research in this direction.