# Real-time Distracted Driver Posture Classification

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.09498 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.09498/

## Key facts

- Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 28 Jun 2017.

## Built on by (most cited first, 29 of 29)

- [Vision-Language Models can Identify Distracted Driver Behavior from Naturalistic Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.10159/) (2023)
- [Coarse Temporal Attention Network (CTA-Net) for Driver's Activity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.06636/) (2021)
- [TICaM: A Time-of-flight In-car Cabin Monitoring Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.11719/) (2021)
- [Attend and Guide (AG-Net): A Keypoints-driven Attention-based Deep Network for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.12183/) (2021)
- [Toward Extremely Lightweight Distracted Driver Recognition With Distillation-Based Neural Architecture Search and Knowledge Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.04527/) (2023)
- [ViT-DD: Multi-Task Vision Transformer for Semi-Supervised Driver Distraction Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.09178/) (2022)
- [Real-Time Driver Monitoring Systems through Modality and View Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.09441/) (2022)
- [Is my Driver Observation Model Overconfident? Input-guided Calibration Networks for Reliable and Interpretable Confidence Estimates](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.04674/) (2022)
- [Artificial Intelligence Methods in In-Cabin Use Cases: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.02082/) (2021)
- [Regional Attention Network (RAN) for Head Pose and Fine-grained Gesture Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.06634/) (2021)
- [Challenges and Opportunities for Machine Learning Classification of Behavior and Mental State from Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.11197/) (2022)
- [A Computer Vision-Based Approach for Driver Distraction Recognition using Deep Learning and Genetic Algorithm Based Ensemble](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.13355/) (2021)
- [Detection of Distracted Driver using Convolution Neural Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.03371/) (2022)
- [BB-Patch: BlackBox Adversarial Patch-Attack using Zeroth-Order Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.06049/) (2024)
- [Robust Multiview Multimodal Driver Monitoring System Using Masked Multi-Head Self-Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.06370/) (2023)
- [Enhancing Cross-Dataset Performance of Distracted Driving Detection With Score Softmax Classifier And Dynamic Gaussian Smoothing Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.05202/) (2023)
- [PoseViNet: Distracted Driver Action Recognition Framework Using Multi-View Pose Estimation and Vision Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.14577/) (2023)
- [Driver Attention Tracking and Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07122/) (2024)
- [DSDFormer: An Innovative Transformer-Mamba Framework for Robust High-Precision Driver Distraction Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.05587/) (2024)
- [Cross-Camera Distracted Driver Classification through Feature Disentanglement and Contrastive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.13181/) (2024)
- [Calibrated and Resource-Aware Super-Resolution for Reliable Driver Behavior Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.23535/) (2025)
- [DAOS: A Multimodal In-cabin Behavior Monitoring with Driver Action-Object Synergy Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.11990/) (2026)
- [Virtual passengers for real car solutions: synthetic datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.06556/) (2022)
- [MIFI: MultI-camera Feature Integration for Roust 3D Distracted Driver Activity Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.14115/) (2024)
- [Research on target detection method of distracted driving behavior based on improved YOLOv8](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.01864/) (2024)
- [Real-Time In-Cabin Driver Behavior Recognition on Low-Cost Edge Hardware](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.22298/) (2025)
- [Zero-Shot Distracted Driver Detection via Vision Language Models with Double Decoupling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.08467/) (2026)
- [Vision-language Models for Driver Monitoring Systems: A Driver Activity Description Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.02273/) (2026)
- [SecureDrive-FL: Joint Differential Privacy and Gradient-Aware Selective Homomorphic Encryption for Federated Driver Monitoring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.27108/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we present a new dataset for "distracted driver" posture estimation. In addition, we propose a novel system that achieves 95.98% driving posture estimation classification accuracy. The system consists of a genetically-weighted ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). We show that a weighted ensemble of classifiers using a genetic algorithm yields in better classification confidence. We also study the effect of different visual elements (i.e. hands and face) in distraction detection and classification by means of face and hand localizations. Finally, we present a thinned version of our ensemble that could achieve a 94.29% classification accuracy and operate in a realtime environment.