# WPaxos: Wide Area Network Flexible Consensus

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.08905 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.08905/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 27 Mar 2017.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [BALLAST: Bandit-Assisted Learning for Latency-Aware Stable Timeouts in Raft](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.21165/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

WPaxos is a multileader Paxos protocol that provides low-latency and high-throughput consensus across wide-area network (WAN) deployments. WPaxos uses multileaders, and partitions the object-space among these multileaders. Unlike statically partitioned multiple Paxos deployments, WPaxos is able to adapt to the changing access locality through object stealing. Multiple concurrent leaders coinciding in different zones steal ownership of objects from each other using phase-1 of Paxos, and then use phase-2 to commit update-requests on these objects locally until they are stolen by other leaders. To achieve fast phase-2 commits, WPaxos adopts the flexible quorums idea in a novel manner, and appoints phase-2 acceptors to be close to their respective leaders. We implemented WPaxos and evaluated it on WAN deployments across 5 AWS regions. The dynamic partitioning of the object-space and emphasis on zone-local commits allow WPaxos to significantly outperform both partitioned Paxos deployments and leaderless Paxos approaches.