# Chinese Poetry Generation with Planning based Neural Network

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.09889 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1610.09889/

## Key facts

- Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2016.

## Built on by (most cited first, 22 of 22)

- [Zero-shot Sonnet Generation with Discourse-level Planning and Aesthetics Features](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.01821/) (2022)
- [PoeLM: A Meter- and Rhyme-Controllable Language Model for Unsupervised Poetry Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.12206/) (2022)
- [CharPoet: A Chinese Classical Poetry Generation System Based on Token-free LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.03512/) (2024)
- [LLM-based multi-agent poetry generation in non-cooperative environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.03659/) (2024)
- [Does ChatGPT Have a Poetic Style?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.15299/) (2024)
- [Prose2Poem: The Blessing of Transformers in Translating Prose to Persian Poetry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.14934/) (2021)
- [Learning to Generate Poetic Chinese Landscape Painting with Calligraphy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.04719/) (2023)
- [DYPLODOC: Dynamic Plots for Document Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.12226/) (2021)
- [Multi-Modal Experience Inspired AI Creation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.02427/) (2022)
- [PoeTone: A Framework for Constrained Generation of Structured Chinese Songci with LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.02515/) (2025)
- [Actionable Entities Recognition Benchmark for Interactive Fiction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.13855/) (2021)
- [Vietnamese Poem Generation & The Prospect Of Cross-Language Poem-To-Poem Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.01078/) (2024)
- [There Once Was a Really Bad Poet, It Was Automated but You Didn't Know It](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.03775/) (2021)
- [AfriKI: Machine-in-the-Loop Afrikaans Poetry Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.16190/) (2021)
- [Automated Evaluation of Meter and Rhyme in Russian Generative and Human-Authored Poetry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.20931/) (2025)
- [Who Wrote This Line? Evaluating the Detection of LLM-Generated Classical Chinese Poetry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.10101/) (2026)
- [Instruction-Guided Poetry Generation in Arabic and Its Dialects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.27766/) (2026)
- [WakaVT: A Sequential Variational Transformer for Waka Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00426/) (2021)
- [Generation of Chinese classical poetry based on pre-trained model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.02541/) (2022)
- [Controllable Ancient Chinese Lyrics Generation Based on Phrase Prototype Retrieving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11005/) (2023)
- ["Kurosawa": A Script Writer's Assistant](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.03122/) (2023)
- [HERAKLES: Hierarchical Skill Compilation for Open-ended LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.14751/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Chinese poetry generation is a very challenging task in natural language processing. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage poetry generating method which first plans the sub-topics of the poem according to the user's writing intent, and then generates each line of the poem sequentially, using a modified recurrent neural network encoder-decoder framework. The proposed planning-based method can ensure that the generated poem is coherent and semantically consistent with the user's intent. A comprehensive evaluation with human judgments demonstrates that our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art poetry generating methods and the poem quality is somehow comparable to human poets.