# A Large Scale Corpus of Gulf Arabic

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.02960 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.02960/

## Key facts

- Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 9 Sep 2016.

## Built on by (most cited first, 17 of 17)

- [Natural Language Processing for Dialects of a Language: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.05632/) (2024)
- [NADI 2021: The Second Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.08466/) (2021)
- [NADI 2023: The Fourth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.16117/) (2023)
- [NADI 2022: The Third Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.09582/) (2022)
- [NADI 2024: The Fifth Nuanced Arabic Dialect Identification Shared Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.04910/) (2024)
- [ZAEBUC-Spoken: A Multilingual Multidialectal Arabic-English Speech Corpus](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.18182/) (2024)
- [SaudiBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Saudi Dialect Corpora](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.06239/) (2024)
- [Exploiting Dialect Identification in Automatic Dialectal Text Normalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.03020/) (2024)
- [NADI 2025: The First Multidialectal Arabic Speech Processing Shared Task](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.02038/) (2025)
- [SAIDS: A Novel Approach for Sentiment Analysis Informed of Dialect and Sarcasm](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.02521/) (2023)
- [TArC: Tunisian Arabish Corpus First complete release](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.04796/) (2022)
- [Arabic Text Sentiment Analysis: Reinforcing Human-Performed Surveys with Wider Topic Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.01921/) (2024)
- [From FusHa to Folk: Exploring Cross-Lingual Transfer in Arabic Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.09826/) (2026)
- [AlexandriaX 2026: The First Shared Task on Dialectal Arabic Machine Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.22796/) (2026)
- [Noor-Ghateh: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Arabic Word Segmenters in Hadith Domain](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.09630/) (2023)
- [Ramsa: A Large Sociolinguistically Rich Emirati Arabic Speech Corpus for ASR and TTS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.08125/) (2026)
- [The Generator-Eraser Paradox: Community Guidelines for Responsible LLM-Assisted Dialect Resource Creation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.06004/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Most Arabic natural language processing tools and resources are developed to serve Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the official written language in the Arab World. Some Dialectal Arabic varieties, notably Egyptian Arabic, have received some attention lately and have a growing collection of resources that include annotated corpora and morphological analyzers and taggers. Gulf Arabic, however, lags behind in that respect. In this paper, we present the Gumar Corpus, a large-scale corpus of Gulf Arabic consisting of 110 million words from 1,200 forum novels. We annotate the corpus for sub-dialect information at the document level. We also present results of a preliminary study in the morphological annotation of Gulf Arabic which includes developing guidelines for a conventional orthography. The text of the corpus is publicly browsable through a web interface we developed for it.