# Towards an Indexical Model of Situated Language Comprehension for Cognitive Agents in Physical Worlds

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.02509 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1604.02509/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2016.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Analogical Concept Memory for Architectures Implementing the Common Model of Cognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11731/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We propose a computational model of situated language comprehension based on the Indexical Hypothesis that generates meaning representations by translating amodal linguistic symbols to modal representations of beliefs, knowledge, and experience external to the linguistic system. This Indexical Model incorporates multiple information sources, including perceptions, domain knowledge, and short-term and long-term experiences during comprehension. We show that exploiting diverse information sources can alleviate ambiguities that arise from contextual use of underspecific referring expressions and unexpressed argument alternations of verbs. The model is being used to support linguistic interactions in Rosie, an agent implemented in Soar that learns from instruction.