# The Shifting Sands of Creative Thinking: Connections to Dual Process Theory

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.2207 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.2207/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 8 Sep 2014.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Divergent Creativity in Humans and Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.13012/) (2024)
- [Enhancing user creativity: Semantic measures for idea generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.10131/) (2021)
- [Integrating Symbolic Reasoning into Neural Generative Models for Design Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.09383/) (2023)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Dual process models of cognition suggest there are two kinds of thought: rapid, automatic Type 1 processes, and effortful, controlled Type 2 processes. Models of creative thinking also distinguish between two sets of processes: those involved in the generation of ideas, and those involved with their refinement, evaluation and/or selection. Here we review dual process models in both these literatures and delineate the similarities and differences. Both generative and evaluative creative processing modes involve elements that have been attributed to each of the dual processes of cognition. We explore the notion that creative thinking may rest upon the nature of a shifting process between generative and evaluative modes of thought. We suggest that through a synthesis application of the evidence bases on dual process models of cognition and from neuroimaging, together with developing chronometric approaches to explore the shifting process, could assist the development of interventions to facilitate creativity.