# Millions of Little Minions: Using Packets for Low Latency Network Programming and Visibility (Extended Version)

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.7143 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.7143/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 28 May 2014.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Machine Learning Empowered Intelligent Data Center Networking: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.13549/) (2022)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents a practical approach to rapidly introduce new dataplane functionality into networks: End-hosts embed tiny programs into packets to actively query and manipulate a network's internal state. We show how this "tiny packet program" (TPP) interface gives end-hosts unprecedented visibility into network behavior, enabling them to work with the network to achieve a common goal. Our design leverages what each component does best: (a) switches forward and execute tiny packet programs (at most 5 instructions) at line rate, and (b) end-hosts perform arbitrary computation on network state, which are easy to evolve. Using a hardware prototype on a NetFPGA, we show our design is feasible, at a reasonable cost. By implementing three different research proposals, we show that TPPs are also useful. And finally, we present an architecture in which they can be made secure.