# Digital Watermarking for Image AuthenticationBased on Combined DCT, DWT and SVD Transformation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6328 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1307.6328/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 24 Jul 2013.

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [Proactive Image Manipulation Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.15880/) (2022)
- [Secure and Robust Watermarking for AI-generated Images: A Comprehensive Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.02384/) (2025)
- [MarkNull: Model-Agnostic Watermark Removal in AI-Generated Images via On-Manifold Latent Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.10166/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents a hybrid digital image watermarking based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in a zigzag order. From DWT we choose the high band to embed the watermark that facilities to add more information, gives more invisibility and robustness against some attacks. Such as geometric attack. Zigzag method is applied to map DCT coefficients into four quadrants that represent low, mid and high bands. Finally, SVD is applied to each quadrant.