# Quantum Entanglement in Concept Combinations

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.3831 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/1302.3831/

## Key facts

- Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 15 Feb 2013.

## Built on by (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [A Planck Radiation and Quantization Scheme for Human Cognition and Language](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.03306/) (2022)
- [Are Words the Quanta of Human Language? Extending the Domain of Quantum Cognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.04913/) (2021)
- [Identifying Quantum Structure in AI Language: Evidence for Evolutionary Convergence of Human and Artificial Cognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.21731/) (2025)
- [Development of a Thermodynamics of Human Cognition and Human Culture](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.12795/) (2022)
- [Entanglement as a Method to Reduce Uncertainty](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05898/) (2023)
- [Are Colors Quanta of Light for Human Vision? A Quantum Cognition Study of Visual Perception](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.18850/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Research in the application of quantum structures to cognitive science confirms that these structures quite systematically appear in the dynamics of concepts and their combinations and quantum-based models faithfully represent experimental data of situations where classical approaches are problematical. In this paper, we analyze the data we collected in an experiment on a specific conceptual combination, showing that Bell's inequalities are violated in the experiment. We present a new refined entanglement scheme to model these data within standard quantum theory rules, where 'entangled measurements and entangled evolutions' occur, in addition to the expected 'entangled states', and present a full quantum representation in complex Hilbert space of the data. This stronger form of entanglement in measurements and evolutions might have relevant applications in the foundations of quantum theory, as well as in the interpretation of nonlocality tests. It could indeed explain some non-negligible 'anomalies' identified in EPR-Bell experiments.