# Social simulation and multi-agent debate Area: [LLM agents and tool use](https://mlsanity.com/agents/index.md). HTML: https://mlsanity.com/agents/social-simulation-and-multi-agent-debate/ ## Key facts - Social simulation and multi-agent debate: 1,066 papers on arXiv since 2022 (data through 14 Oct 2026). - 368 of its 1,066 mapped papers (35%) cite “Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior” (2023, arXiv 2304.03442). - 131 of its 1,066 mapped papers (12%) cite “Encouraging Divergent Thinking in Large Language Models through Multi-Agent Debate” (2023, arXiv 2305.19118). - 81 new papers 17 Sep–14 Oct. ## Most cited here - [Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.03442/) (2023), cited by 368 papers here - [Encouraging Divergent Thinking in Large Language Models through Multi-Agent Debate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.19118/) (2023), cited by 131 papers here - [AgentSociety: Large-Scale Simulation of LLM-Driven Generative Agents Advances Understanding of Human Behaviors and Society](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.08691/) (2025), cited by 62 papers here - [Character-LLM: A Trainable Agent for Role-Playing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10158/) (2023), cited by 60 papers here - [Exploring Collaboration Mechanisms for LLM Agents: A Social Psychology View](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.02124/) (2023), cited by 53 papers here - [EconAgent: Large Language Model-Empowered Agents for Simulating Macroeconomic Activities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10436/) (2023), cited by 51 papers here - [Simulating Opinion Dynamics with Networks of LLM-based Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.09618/) (2023), cited by 51 papers here - [Can Large Language Model Agents Simulate Human Trust Behavior?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.04559/) (2024), cited by 45 papers here - [Cooperate or Collapse: Emergence of Sustainable Cooperation in a Society of LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.16698/) (2024), cited by 42 papers here - [LLM Agents Grounded in Self-Reports Enable General-Purpose Simulation of Individuals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.10109/) (2024), cited by 39 papers here ## New (17 Sep–14 Oct) - [What Makes a Social Agent's Interactions Effective? Learning from Verifiable Outcomes in Paired Worlds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.20195/) (2026-10-14) - [Evolve Together, Fall into Place: How Social Scaffolding Shapes Self-Evolving Multi-Agent Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.19799/) (2026-10-14) - [Measuring and Reducing Unusable Replies of LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.19659/) (2026-10-14) - [Smart Alone, Blind Together: Why Accuracy Fails to CertifyTheory of Mind in Multi-Agent Teams](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.19051/) (2026-10-13) - [Receiver Decides Agent-to-Agent Negotiations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.18424/) (2026-10-13) - [Beyond Answer Sharing: TrueMAD for Targeted Peer Engagement in Multi-Agent Debate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.18240/) (2026-10-13) - [Upstream Influence, Downstream Re-Anchoring in LLM Agent Chains](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.17723/) (2026-10-13) - [When Goals Leak Across Relationships: How Cached Goal Representations Shape Cross-Client Decisions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.17365/) (2026-10-12) - [CivWorldBench: Evaluating Language World Models in Structured Multi-Agent Sandbox Worlds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16450/) (2026-10-12) - [Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning via Confidence-Guided Adaptive Debate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16343/) (2026-10-12) - [Uncovering Robustness Weaknesses in LLM Agents via Persona Evolution with Task-Integrity Constraints](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16155/) (2026-10-12) - [Computational Reflective Equilibrium for Agentic AI: A Rawlsian Alignment Scaffold for Governance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16015/) (2026-10-12) - [Agent Sociodrama: Social-Dynamics-Guided Persona Recasting for LLM Agent Teams](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.15788/) (2026-10-11) - [Agentic Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.13455/) (2026-10-09) - [SmartSalesBench: A Resistance-Aware Multi-Turn Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Sales Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.12975/) (2026-10-09) - [Large Language Models, Machine-Assisted Cultural Analytics, and the Agentic Turn](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.12792/) (2026-10-08) - [Accurate but Not Humble: Evaluating Epistemic Humility in LLM Agents under Knowledge Conflict](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.12360/) (2026-10-08) - [Deception by Omission: Language Models Knowingly Hide Their Mistakes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.11351/) (2026-10-08) - [Loose Lips: Understanding Privacy Leakage in Agentic Dialogue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.14071/) (2026-10-07) - [Why LLM Agents Favor Their Group: Stakes, Observed Norms, and Reputation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.11008/) (2026-10-07) - [Back in Style: A Sociolinguistic Approach to Authoring and Measuring Persona Fidelity in User Simulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.10988/) (2026-10-07) - [Decoupling Logic from Persona: Structural Immunity of Edge LLM Agents to Context Pollution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.09772/) (2026-10-07) - [Shared and structured inputs undermine collective random choice by reasoning AI agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.09667/) (2026-10-07) - [From Retrieval to Customer Context: Evaluating Frontier-Model Systems for Voice-of-Customer Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.09375/) (2026-10-07) - [ToolRACER: A Robust Agentic Conversation Emulation Resource for Agent Training and Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.09163/) (2026-10-06) - [Wiki-Talkie: Multilingual Benchmarking of Persona-Based Agents on Real-World Discussions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.08513/) (2026-10-06) - [MASC: A Multi-Agent Self-Calibration Framework with Latent Construct Alignment for Consistent Client Role-Playing in Psychological Counseling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.08250/) (2026-10-06) - [On Open-Ended Information Seeking for Information Elicitation Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.07509/) (2026-10-05) - [DREAM: Dynamic Resolution Assignment For Multimodal Multi-agent Debate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.05615/) (2026-10-04) - [When Debate Helps: Proposal Supply and Verification-Aware Readout in Multi-Agent Reasoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.04686/) (2026-10-03)