# Educational agents and math problem solving

Area: [LLM agents and tool use](https://mlsanity.com/agents/index.md). HTML: https://mlsanity.com/agents/educational-agents-and-math-problem-solving/

## Key facts

- Educational agents and math problem solving: 233 papers on arXiv since 2023 (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- 20 of its 233 mapped papers (9%) cite “Simulating Classroom Education with LLM-Empowered Agents” (2024, arXiv 2406.19226).
- 13 of its 233 mapped papers (6%) cite “An In-Context Learning Agent for Formal Theorem-Proving” (2023, arXiv 2310.04353).
- 18 new papers 17 Sep–14 Oct.

## Most cited here

- [Simulating Classroom Education with LLM-Empowered Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.19226/) (2024), cited by 20 papers here
- [An In-Context Learning Agent for Formal Theorem-Proving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.04353/) (2023), cited by 13 papers here
- [EduAgent: Generative Student Agents in Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07963/) (2024), cited by 13 papers here
- [Prover Agent: An Agent-Based Framework for Formal Mathematical Proofs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.19923/) (2025), cited by 9 papers here
- [CGMI: Configurable General Multi-Agent Interaction Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.12503/) (2023), cited by 8 papers here
- [Teach AI How to Code: Using Large Language Models as Teachable Agents for Programming Education](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.14534/) (2023), cited by 8 papers here
- [LLM-powered Multi-agent Framework for Goal-oriented Learning in Intelligent Tutoring System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.15749/) (2025), cited by 8 papers here
- [Numina-Lean-Agent: An Open and General Agentic Reasoning System for Formal Mathematics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.14027/) (2026), cited by 8 papers here
- [From MOOC to MAIC: Reshaping Online Teaching and Learning through LLM-driven Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.03512/) (2024), cited by 6 papers here
- [Classroom Simulacra: Building Contextual Student Generative Agents in Online Education for Learning Behavioral Simulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02780/) (2025), cited by 6 papers here

## New (17 Sep–14 Oct)

- [IneqAgent: Agentic Inequality Proving in Lean with Symbolic Computation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.20681/) (2026-10-14)
- [Beyond LLM Judge: Mechanical Verification for Agentic Autoformalization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.20573/) (2026-10-14)
- [Euler: Towards Human-Centered Multi-Agent Mathematical Discovery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.19864/) (2026-10-14)
- [Teaching Agents in their Own Style: Blackbox Teacher Distillation for Web Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.19834/) (2026-10-14)
- [Sequent-Prover: Training Agents for Formal, Checkable SMT-based Reasoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.15258/) (2026-10-11)
- [TheoPhysEval: Assessing AI agents at autonomous theoretical physics problem solving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16733/) (2026-10-09)
- [Agentic Data Engineering for LLMs: System Design and a Controlled Empirical Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.14238/) (2026-10-09)
- [Humanize Olympiad Agents: A Multi-Session Workflow for Olympiad Problem Solving with Solve, Review, Wiki, Verify](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.13632/) (2026-10-09)
- [Who Verifies the Verifier? Co-Evolving Inspectable Graders with Self-Improving Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.11464/) (2026-10-08)
- [Stochastic Teacher Intervention for Agentic On-Policy Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.10878/) (2026-10-07)
- [When Algorithmic Exploration Becomes Cheap: A Case Study of Agentic Research in EDA](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.10129/) (2026-10-07)
- [AIProver: Agentic Auto-Formalization of Mathematical Research via Certificate-Driven Evolving Harness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.05367/) (2026-10-04)
- [NeutronGym: Physics-Graded Neutron Instrument Design for LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.03631/) (2026-10-02)
- [An Educator-Guided LLM Pedagogical Agent for Scaffolded Feedback in Conceptual Database Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.00870/) (2026-10-01)
- [Cogentic: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Automated Proof Discovery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.40324/) (2026-09-30)
- [DeepEdu-v1: Efficient and Scalable Agentic LLMs for Vietnamese Education](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.31568/) (2026-09-25)
- [CoLearn: An Agentic Tutor that Learns its Learner in a Human--AI Co-Learning Loop](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.21154/) (2026-09-17)
- [DataCanvas-EDU: An Agentic Framework for Instructor-Guided Synthetic Data Generation in Business Analytics Education](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.19617/) (2026-09-17)